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Dział ENG.1.7Vocabulary: jedzenie, posiłki, smaki i środowisko

Vocabulary: jedzenie, posiłki, smaki i środowisko

Food & environmentFood vocabularyNutrients

Żywienie to obowiązkowy temat maturalny — opisujesz co jesz, jak smakuje i jak twoje wybory wpływają na środowisko. Bonus: sufiksy -ment/-ance/-tion tworzące rzeczowniki od czasowników.

⏱ ~98 min
Vocabulary: jedzenie, posiłki, smaki i środowisko

Po tej lekcji będziesz umieć

Food & environmentFood vocabularyNutrients
Zaznacz, gdy opanujesz
  • nazwać grupy żywności, posiłki i składniki odżywcze,
  • powiedzieć, co jesz na śniadanie, obiad i kolację,
  • używać zwrotów: contain, be rich in, be a source of,
  • dać prostą radę żywieniową,
  • dodać opinię i powód z because.

Słownictwo

Po co food vocabulary na maturze?

Na maturze nie wystarczy znać słowo „vegetables". Trzeba umieć powiedzieć, co jesz, kiedy, dlaczego to jest zdrowe lub niezdrowe i jaką zmianę warto wprowadzić.

Słabo: I eat healthy food. → Dobrze: For breakfast, I usually have yoghurt with fruit because it is quick and healthy.

Słownictwo

Food & nutrition vocabulary map

Food map

Jedzenie to grupy, posiłki, składniki, ilości i wybory

FOOD & NUTRITION
Food groups
fruitvegetablesdairymeatfishgrains
Meals
breakfastlunchdinnersnackdessert
Nutrients
proteincarbohydratesfatvitaminsfibre
Quantities
a bottle ofa slice ofa bowl ofa packet of
Healthy choices
balanced dietfresh fooddrink waterless sugar

Wybierz posiłek → produkty → składniki → opinia albo rada.

Uwaga

Before listening

  1. What do you usually eat for lunch?
  2. Which foods are healthy and which foods should we eat less often?
Before listening — model answers
Show model answers
1. For lunch, I usually eat a sandwich, fruit and yoghurt.
2. Healthy foods: fruit, vegetables, fish, eggs, rice, water. Foods to eat less often: crisps, sweets, fizzy drinks, processed food.

Przykład

Listen in context — What do you usually eat for lunch?

What do you usually eat for lunch?
A2+/B1 · ~90s · Lily & Max
Listen to Lily and Max talking about school lunches, food nutrients, healthy choices and the environmental impact of food.
Listen for:mealsfood groupsnutrientshealthy choicesenvironment
📄 Pokaż transkrypt
Lily: Hi, Max. What do you usually eat for lunch at school?
Max: It depends. Sometimes I have a sandwich with cheese and tomato, and sometimes I buy a packet of crisps and a fizzy drink.
Lily: Crisps and fizzy drinks every day? That doesn't sound very healthy.
Max: I know. They contain a lot of salt and sugar, but they are quick and cheap.
Lily: I usually bring lunch from home. Today I have a bowl of rice with vegetables and chicken. I also have an apple and a bottle of water.
Max: That sounds much healthier. Chicken is a good source of protein, and vegetables contain vitamins and fibre.
Lily: Exactly. I try to eat fresh food and drink more water. I still eat chocolate sometimes, but I try to cut down on sugar.
Max: I should probably do that too. I don't eat enough fruit and vegetables.
Lily: You could start with small changes. For example, have a banana instead of crisps, or drink water instead of a fizzy drink.
Max: Good idea. What about the environment? Our teacher said food choices can affect the planet.
Lily: Yes. Local food is better because it does not travel so far. Also, eating less processed food and wasting less food can help.
Max: So a healthy lunch can also be better for the environment?
Lily: Yes, if you choose fresh, local food and avoid too much packaging.
Max: Tomorrow I'll bring a sandwich, some fruit and a bottle of water. That's a start.
Lily: Great. Small changes can make a big difference.

Słownictwo

While listening

Task A — Listen for gist

Przeczytaj pytania, a potem posłuchaj i wybierz właściwą odpowiedź.

  1. What are Lily and Max talking about? a) school uniforms · b) lunch and healthy food choices · c) a sports competition

  2. What does Max often buy? a) crisps and a fizzy drink · b) fish and rice · c) a bowl of soup

  3. What does Lily bring from home? a) a pizza and cola · b) rice, vegetables, chicken, an apple and water · c) only chocolate

Klucz — Task A
Check answers
1. b) lunch and healthy food choices
2. a) crisps and a fizzy drink
3. b) rice, vegetables, chicken, an apple and water

Task B — Complete the table

Uzupełnij tabelę informacjami z nagrania:

CategoryInformation from the audio
Max's usual lunch
Lily's lunch
Nutrients mentioned
Healthy advice
Environment advice
Klucz — Task B
Show model answer
Max's usual lunch: sandwich with cheese and tomato / crisps / fizzy drink
Lily's lunch: rice with vegetables and chicken, apple, bottle of water
Nutrients mentioned: protein, vitamins, fibre, sugar, salt
Healthy advice: eat more fruit and vegetables, drink water, cut down on sugar
Environment advice: choose local food, avoid too much packaging, waste less food

Task C — True or false?

Task C — True or false?
  1. 11. Max sometimes buys crisps and a fizzy drink.
  2. 22. Lily says fizzy drinks contain a lot of sugar.
  3. 33. Lily has chicken, rice and vegetables for lunch.
  4. 44. Max eats enough fruit and vegetables.
  5. 55. Lily says local food can be better for the environment.
  6. 66. Max decides to bring a healthier lunch tomorrow.
Check answers
1. True
2. True — she says they contain a lot of salt and sugar.
3. True
4. False — he says he doesn't eat enough fruit and vegetables.
5. True
6. True

Słownictwo

After listening

Task D — Vocabulary focus

Znajdź angielskie odpowiedniki z nagrania:

  1. kanapka z serem i pomidorem
  2. paczka chipsów
  3. napój gazowany
  4. miska ryżu
  5. butelka wody
  6. dobre źródło białka
  7. witaminy i błonnik
  8. ograniczyć cukier
  9. lokalna żywność
  10. unikać zbyt dużej ilości opakowań
Klucz — Task D
Check answers
1. a sandwich with cheese and tomato
2. a packet of crisps
3. a fizzy drink
4. a bowl of rice
5. a bottle of water
6. a good source of protein
7. vitamins and fibre
8. cut down on sugar
9. local food
10. avoid too much packaging

Task E — Nutrients and food groups

Dopasuj produkt do składnika odżywczego lub grupy produktów:

Food itemNutrient / group
chicken
vegetables
apple
crisps
fizzy drink
rice
Klucz — Task E
Show model answer
chicken → protein
vegetables → vitamins and fibre
apple → fruit / vitamins
crisps → salt / fat
fizzy drink → sugar
rice → carbohydrates / grains

Task F — Food advice

Uzupełnij porady słowami z nagrania:

Task F — Food advice
  1. 11. You should drink more ________.
  2. 22. You should eat more fruit and ________.
  3. 33. You should cut down on ________.
  4. 44. You could eat a banana instead of ________.
  5. 55. Choose fresh, ________ food if possible.
Check answers
1. water
2. vegetables
3. sugar
4. crisps
5. local

Task G — Environment and food

Odpowiedz w 2–3 zdaniach: How can food choices help the environment?

Klucz — Task G
Show model answer
Food choices can help the environment if we choose local food and avoid too much packaging. We should also waste less food and eat more fresh food.

Use it now — speaking

Opisz swoje nawyki żywieniowe. Powiedz lub napisz 5–6 zdań. Użyj: 2 słów o posiłkach · 3 produktów spożywczych · 2 słów o składnikach odżywczych · 1 porady żywieniowej · 1 myśli o środowisku. Możesz zacząć: "For breakfast/lunch/dinner, I usually have…" / "It contains…" / "It is a good source of…" / "I should eat more…" / "This is better for the environment because…"

Use it now — przykładowa odpowiedź
Show model answer
For lunch, I usually have a sandwich, fruit and a bottle of water. Fruit contains vitamins and fibre, and chicken is a good source of protein. I should eat fewer sweets and drink less fizzy drinks because they contain a lot of sugar. I also try to choose fresh food with less packaging. This is better for the environment because it creates less waste.

Food groups

Fruit & vegetables
applebananacarrotsaladtomato

"I eat fruit and vegetables every day."

źródło witamin i błonnika.

Dairy & drinks
milkcheeseyoghurtjuicewater

"Dairy products are a good source of calcium."

nabiał i napoje.

Protein & grains
meatfisheggsbreadricepasta

"Fish contains protein."

białko i węglowodany.

Meals and nutrients

Meals
breakfastlunchdinnersnackdessert

"For breakfast, I usually have cereal and milk."

nazwij porę posiłku.

Nutrients
proteincarbohydratesfatvitaminsmineralsfibre

"Fruit and vegetables contain vitamins and fibre."

składniki odżywcze.

Healthy choices
balanced dietfresh fooddrink wateravoid sugar

"A balanced diet should include fruit and water."

zdrowe wybory.

Quantities and containers

a bottle of watera slice of breada piece of cheesea bowl of soupa packet of crispsa glass of juice

For lunch, I usually have a bowl of soup and a slice of bread.

Useful chunks — food and meals

For breakfast, I usually have...I try to avoid...I should eat more...I should cut down on...It is a good source of...A balanced diet should include...

I should eat more vegetables. I try to avoid too much sugar. Fish is a good source of protein.

Uwaga

Communication focus — food + reason

I eat ... because ...I should eat more ... because ...I should eat less ... because ...

I eat fruit because it contains vitamins. I should drink more water because it is healthier than fizzy drinks. ⚠️ I eat healthy food because is good. ❌ → I eat healthy food because it is good for me.

From meal to answer

Infografika

From meal to answer

Meal → food items → nutrients → opinion → exam answer

1

Meal

breakfast

2

Food items

yoghurt • fruit • oats

3

Nutrients

protein • vitamins • fibre

4

Opinion / advice

healthy and quick

5

Exam answer

For breakfast • I usually have yoghurt with fruit and oats because it is healthy • quick and gives me energy.

Pamiętaj: Drugi przykład: snack → crisps, chocolate → too much fat and sugar → I should eat fewer sweets.

Uwaga

Use it now: describe your eating habits

Use it now: opisz swoje nawyki żywieniowe
  1. 1What do you usually have for breakfast?
  2. 2What healthy food do you like?
  3. 3What food should you eat less of?
  4. 4Why is a balanced diet important?
"For breakfast, I usually have cereal with milk.""I like fruit because it is fresh and healthy.""I should eat less chocolate because it contains a lot of sugar.""A balanced diet is important because it gives us energy."

From words to exam answer

Od słowa do odpowiedzi

Word → chunk → sentence → exam answer

Rozbuduj słówko do pełnej wypowiedzi

1vegetables
2eat more vegetables
3I should eat more vegetables.
4I should eat more vegetables because they contain vitamins and fibre.
1sugar
2cut down on sugar
3I should cut down on sugar.
4I should cut down on sugar because I drink too many fizzy drinks.

Słowo → zwrot → zdanie → pełna odpowiedź z powodem.

Uwaga

Mini-matura

Zadanie 1 — reakcja językowa

Your English friend says: I eat fast food every day and I drink a lot of fizzy drinks. Give two pieces of advice.

Zadanie 2 — krótka wypowiedź

Write 4 sentences about your diet. Use: one meal, two food items, one nutrient word and one reason with because.

Mini-matura — modelowe odpowiedzi
Pokaż modelowe odpowiedzi
Zadanie 1: You should eat more fresh food and drink more water. You should also cut down on fizzy drinks because they contain a lot of sugar.
Zadanie 2: For breakfast, I usually have yoghurt and fruit. Fruit contains vitamins, and yoghurt is a good source of protein. I think this meal is healthy because it gives me energy. I should also drink more water.

Słownictwo

Kluczowe pojęcia

TerminDefinicja
food groupGrupa żywności (np. owoce, nabiał, białko).
mealPosiłek.
breakfastŚniadanie.
lunchObiad / lunch.
dinnerKolacja / obiadokolacja.
nutrientsSkładniki odżywcze.
proteinBiałko.
carbohydratesWęglowodany.
fatTłuszcz.
vitaminsWitaminy.
fibreBłonnik.
balanced dietZbilansowana dieta.
fresh foodŚwieża żywność.
processed foodŻywność przetworzona.
carbon footprintŚlad węglowy (wpływ na środowisko).
sustainable farmingZrównoważone rolnictwo.
suffix -mentPrzyrostek tworzący rzeczowniki: develop → development.
suffix -ance / -encePrzyrostek rzeczownikowy: import → importance, differ → difference.
suffix -tionPrzyrostek rzeczownikowy: produce → production.

Checklist przed sprawdzianem

Sprawdź się przed sprawdzianem
  • Znam food groups, meals i nutrients.
  • Umiem powiedzieć, co jem na breakfast/lunch/dinner.
  • Używam contain, be rich in, be a source of.
  • Potrafię dać prostą radę żywieniową.
  • Dodaję opinię i powód z because.

Sprawdź gotowość

Utrwal materiał i sprawdź się — wybierz następny krok

Nauka języków

moduł

Ćwicz słownictwo, zwroty i komunikację w module Nauka języków.

Otwórz naukę języków

Sprawdzian

15–30 min

Sprawdź materiał z lekcji lub działu: vocabulary, grammar i krótkie odpowiedzi.

Zrób sprawdzian

Matura próbna

pełny arkusz

Przejdź do pełnej matury próbnej z angielskiego w formacie arkusza CKE.

Otwórz maturę próbną

Częste błędy

Częste błędy

Wrong: "I eat breakfast at morning"
I have breakfast in the morning

"have breakfast; in the morning."

Wrong: "I drink water much"
I drink a lot of water

"a lot of + rzeczownik."

Wrong: "Fruits are healthy food"
Fruit is healthy

"fruit często jako niepoliczalne/ogólne."

Wrong: "I should eat less sweets"
I should eat fewer sweets

"fewer + rzeczowniki policzalne w liczbie mnogiej."

Wrong: "It has many sugar"
It has a lot of sugar

"sugar jest niepoliczalne."

Wrong: "I am on diet"
I am on a diet

"on a diet."

Więcej częstych błędów
Pokaż więcej błędów
Wrong: I like eat fruit → I like eating fruit / I like to eat fruit — like + -ing albo like + to.
Wrong: Vegetable are good for you → Vegetables are good for you — liczba mnoga: vegetables.

Źródła, format CKE i materiały ZPE

PODSTAWA PROGRAMOWA MENMEN / zakres zgodny

Język angielski — poziom A2/B1. Zakres: słownictwo tematyczne, kolokacje i wyrażenia, rozumienie i użycie leksyki w kontekście.

FORMAT CKECKE / speaking + writing

Typowe użycie: wielokrotny wybór, kolokacje, uzupełnianie luk leksykalnych, krótka wypowiedź ustna na temat zdjęcia lub sytuacji.

MATERIAŁY ZPE — INTERAKTYWNE1 materiał
jedzenieposiłkismaki i środowiskoA2/B1 vocabulary

Źródła: MEN — podstawa programowa języka obcego nowożytnego; CKE — informator maturalny i arkusze egzaminacyjne; ZPE — materiały interaktywne dopasowane do tematu lekcji.