Zdrowie na maturze rozszerzonej to systemy, nierówności i polityka — nie tylko dieta i ćwiczenia. Słownictwo C1 do analizy systemów ochrony zdrowia, zdrowia publicznego i etyki medycznej.

Na maturze rozszerzonej zdrowie to nie tylko „healthy lifestyle". Dobry answer pokazuje system: kto ma dostęp do opieki, jakie są zasoby, kto ponosi koszty i czy państwo powinno interweniować.
Pytanie kluczowe: Jak przejść od pojedynczego słowa (health equity, finite resources, prevention) do dojrzałej odpowiedzi o systemie zdrowia i polityce publicznej?
Flow: health problem → system concept → policy response → ethical tension → balanced matura answer.
Przykład
Na poziomie C1 zdrowie obejmuje znacznie więcej niż dieta i ćwiczenia:
Student example:
Health outcomes are shaped not only by individual behaviour, but also by income, education, access to care and the quality of public health policies.
Słownictwo
Termin Definicja --- --- universal healthcare A system providing health coverage to all citizens, usually publicly funded. single-payer system Healthcare funded by one public body (e.
Słownictwo
Termin Definicja --- --- public health The health of whole populations and the systems that protect it. health equity Fairness in health — everyone having a real chance of good health.
Słownictwo
Concept Useful verbs Useful adjective Exam chunk --- --- --- --- access provide / improve / restrict access universal / limited / unequal provide universal access to healthcare inequality reduce / address / widen inequalities structural / avoidable reduce h…
Słownictwo
Kolokacja Przykład --- --- provide universal access A fair system should provide universal access to essential care. reduce health inequalities Investing in prevention can reduce health inequalities over time.
Wzorzec
Uwaga
Słownictwo
Termin Definicja --- --- mental health stigma Negative attitudes that discourage people from seeking help. destigmatise To reduce the shame attached to something (e.
Słownictwo
Do not confuse Difference --- --- disease vs illness disease = jednostka chorobowa; illness = stan chorowania / doświadczenie pacjenta morbidity vs mortality morbidity = zachorowalność; mortality = śmiertelność healthcare vs public health healthcare = syste…
Słownictwo
Question: Should governments intervene to improve citizens' health behaviours? Krok Model --- --- Balanced opening Governments are justified in promoting healthier behaviour, but intervention should support citizens rather than control them.
Wzorzec
Prompt: Should governments intervene to improve citizens' health behaviours? Governments are justified in promoting healthier behaviour, but intervention should support citizens rather than control them.
Słownictwo
Word / concept Chunk / interpretation B2+/C1 answer --- --- --- health equity promote health equity Health equity requires not only access to treatment, but also action on social determinants of health. finite resources allocate finite resources Healthcare…
Uwaga
Task: Answer in 4–5 sentences. Should governments spend more money on prevention than on treatment?
Uwaga
Słownictwo
Termin Definicja C1 --- --- health equity Fairness in health — real, not merely formal, chances of good health for all. social determinants of health Non-medical factors (income, education, housing) that shape health outcomes.
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