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Dział ENG.1.4›Reading & Speaking: systemy edukacji i porównywanie szkół

Reading & Speaking: systemy edukacji i porównywanie szkół

Reading & SpeakingEducation systemsCompare schools

Czytasz teksty o różnych systemach edukacji na świecie. Kluczowe umiejętności: scanning, analiza cytatów, wyrażanie opinii porównawczych. Mówienie: porównujesz szkoły i systemy edukacji.

⏱ ~89 min
Reading & Speaking: systemy edukacji i porównywanie szkół

Po tej lekcji będziesz umieć

Reading & SpeakingEducation systemsCompare schools
Zaznacz, gdy opanujesz
  • znaleźć w tekście informacje o systemie edukacji,
  • porównać szkoły według konkretnych kryteriów,
  • używać zwrotów: while, whereas, both, however,
  • wyrazić opinię o systemie szkolnym,
  • zbudować krótką odpowiedź speaking w stylu maturalnym.

Po co porównywać szkoły na maturze?

Temat edukacji wraca w readingu, speakingu, e-mailu i zadaniach opiniujących. CKE nie oczekuje encyklopedii o systemie szkolnym, tylko umiejętności porównania informacji i uzasadnienia opinii.

Słabo: Schools are different. → Dobrze: Schools are different because students start school at different ages and take different exams.

Education system comparison map

Comparison map

Porównuj systemy według kryteriów, nie chaotycznie

EDUCATION SYSTEM
Starting age
start schoolprimarysecondary
School stages
primarysecondaryhigh schoolcollege
Subjects
core subjectsoptional subjectsscience
Exams
take examsfinal examsschool tests
School life
uniformshomeworkclubsschool rules

Wybierz kryterium (wiek, etapy, egzaminy, zasady), potem powiedz, co jest podobne, co inne i co o tym myślisz.

Reading strategy — jak czytać

Reading strategy

Skim → Scan → Compare → Answer

Nie ucz się systemu na pamięć — korzystaj z tekstu

1what is it about?
2age, exams, rules
3similarities & differences
4use the data in your sentence

Szukaj słów-kluczy: wiek, nazwy szkół, egzaminy, obowiązki.

Słownictwo

Education vocabulary

School stages
primary schoolsecondary schoolhigh schoolcollegeuniversityvocational school

"After secondary school, some students go to university."

Exams & assessment
take an exampass an examfail a testget marksfinal examschool report

"Students take final exams at the end of school."

School rules & life
wear a uniformdo homeworkjoin a clubfollow rulescompulsory/optional subjects

"Some students have to wear a uniform."

Comparison chunks — while, whereas, both

In Poland, students…In some countries, students…Both systems…The main difference is…while / whereas…However, …

In Poland, students usually have many compulsory subjects, while in some countries they can choose more optional subjects. · Both systems have exams. · The main difference is the age when students start school.

Uwaga

Before listening

  1. What is one thing you know about schools in another country?
  2. Which criteria can you use to compare two schools?
Before listening — model answers
✓ Show model answers
1. Students in some countries wear uniforms. / In some countries, students start school earlier.
2. Possible answers: starting age, subjects, exams, homework, uniforms, school rules, optional subjects.

Przykład

Listen in context — My school and your school

My school and your school
A2+/B1 · ~115s · Ania & Ben
Listen to Ania and Ben comparing schools in Poland and England — starting age, subjects, exams, uniforms and opinions.
Listen for:school systemsimilaritiesdifferencescomparison phrasesopinion
📄 Pokaż transkrypt
Ania: Hi, Ben. You go to school in England, right? I'm curious. Is your school very different from mine?
Ben: In some ways, yes. In England, students usually start school quite early, when they are about five. What about Poland?
Ania: In Poland, children usually start primary school at the age of seven. So that's one difference.
Ben: Interesting. What subjects do you study?
Ania: We have many compulsory subjects, like Polish, maths, English, history, biology and geography. We can't choose many subjects in the first years of secondary school.
Ben: In my school, we also have compulsory subjects. However, older students can choose some optional subjects, for example art, drama or computer science.
Ania: That sounds nice. In my school, students often have a lot of homework. We also take tests quite often.
Ben: We have homework too, but it depends on the subject. Both systems have exams, but the exams are not exactly the same.
Ania: Do you have to wear a uniform?
Ben: Yes, we do. We wear a shirt, trousers and a school jumper. Some students don't like it, but I think it saves time in the morning. Do you wear uniforms in Poland?
Ania: No, most students don't wear uniforms. We can usually wear our own clothes, but we still have school rules.
Ben: What do you like about your school?
Ania: I like group projects because they help me work with other people. However, I would like to have more optional subjects.
Ben: I agree. In my opinion, students should have some choice because it helps them develop their interests.

Słownictwo

While listening

Task A — Listen for gist

Przeczytaj pytania, a potem posłuchaj i wybierz właściwą odpowiedź.

  1. What are Ania and Ben talking about? a) their holidays · b) schools in Poland and England · c) their favourite films

  2. What is the main purpose of the conversation? a) to compare two school systems · b) to describe one classroom · c) to complain about homework only

Klucz — Task A
✓ Check answers
1. b) schools in Poland and England
2. a) to compare two school systems

Task B — Complete the comparison table

Uzupełnij tabelę informacjami z nagrania:

CriterionPoland / Ania's schoolEngland / Ben's school
Starting age……
Subjects……
Homework / tests……
Exams……
Uniforms……
Opinion……
Klucz — Task B
✓ Show model answer
Starting age — Poland: 7 · England: about 5
Subjects — Poland: many compulsory, few optional at first · England: compulsory + optional for older students
Homework / tests — Poland: often a lot · England: depends on the subject
Exams — Poland: students take exams · England: exams too, but not exactly the same
Uniforms — Poland: most students don't wear uniforms · England: school uniform (shirt, trousers, jumper)
Opinion — Ania: likes group projects, wants more optional subjects · Ben: students should have choice to develop interests

Task C — True or false?

Task C — True or false?
  1. 11. In England, students usually start school at about five.
  2. 22. In Poland, children usually start primary school at seven.
  3. 33. Ania says Polish students can choose many subjects in the first years of secondary school.
  4. 44. Ben says older students can choose some optional subjects.
  5. 55. Ben does not wear a school uniform.
  6. 66. Ania likes group projects.
✓ Check answers
1. True
2. True
3. False — they can't choose many subjects.
4. True
5. False — he wears a shirt, trousers and a school jumper.
6. True

Uwaga

After listening

Task D — Comparison phrases

Uzupełnij zdania słowami z nagrania: both, however, whereas / while:

Task D — Comparison phrases
  1. 11. ______ systems have exams.
  2. 22. In my school, students often have a lot of homework. ______, I would like to have more optional subjects.
  3. 33. In England, students usually start school at about five, ______ in Poland children usually start primary school at seven.
  4. 44. Polish students usually do not wear uniforms, ______ Ben wears a school uniform.
✓ Check answers
1. Both
2. However
3. whereas / while
4. whereas / while

Task E — Vocabulary focus

Znajdź angielskie odpowiedniki z nagrania:

  1. szkoła podstawowa
  2. w wieku siedmiu lat
  3. przedmioty obowiązkowe
  4. przedmioty opcjonalne
  5. prace domowe
  6. sprawdziany / testy
  7. egzaminy
  8. mundurek szkolny
  9. zasady szkolne
  10. rozwijać zainteresowania
Klucz — Task E
✓ Check answers
1. primary school
2. at the age of seven
3. compulsory subjects
4. optional subjects
5. homework
6. tests
7. exams
8. school uniform
9. school rules
10. develop their interests

Task F — Express your opinion

Odpowiedz w 2–3 zdaniach: Which system sounds better to you — more compulsory subjects or more optional subjects? Why?

Klucz — Task F
✓ Show model answer
In my opinion, more optional subjects are better because students can develop their interests. However, some compulsory subjects are useful because everyone needs basic knowledge.

Use it now — speaking

Porównaj swoją szkołę ze szkołą w innym kraju. Powiedz lub napisz 5–6 zdań. Użyj: 2 słów porównawczych (both / while / whereas / however) · 2 słów szkolnych · 1 podobieństwa · 1 różnicy · 1 opinii z because. Możesz zacząć: "Both schools…" / "In my school…, while…" / "The main difference is…" / "In my opinion,… because…"

Use it now — przykładowa odpowiedź
✓ Show model answer
Both schools have exams and homework. In my school, students usually do not wear uniforms, whereas in some English schools uniforms are compulsory. The main difference is that older students in England can choose more optional subjects. However, both systems teach important skills. In my opinion, optional subjects are useful because students can develop their interests.

Compare schools speaking builder

Infografika

Zbuduj porównanie szkół

Kryterium → system A → system B → różnica → opinia

1

Criterion

homework

2

System A

Polish students often get homework

3

System B

another system uses more projects

4

Similarity / difference

the difference is how students practise

5

Opinion + reason

I prefer project work because it is more practical

Pamiętaj: Porównuj według jednego kryterium naraz — łatwiej zbudować pełną odpowiedź.

Reading → speaking transfer

Text → speaking

Text detail → comparison phrase → sentence → speaking answer

Zamień informację z tekstu w porównanie z opinią

1Students start school at six.
2start earlier
3They start school early.
4In this system, students start school earlier than in some other countries.
1Students choose optional subjects.
2more choice
3Students have more choice.
4I think this is good because students can focus on subjects they are interested in.

Szczegół → kryterium → opinia z powodem = pełna odpowiedź.

Uwaga

Use it now: compare two schools

Use it now: porównaj dwie szkoły (4 zdania)
  1. 1Choose one criterion: subjects, exams, homework, uniforms or clubs.
  2. 2Say what happens in School A.
  3. 3Say what happens in School B.
  4. 4Give your opinion with because.
"In my school, students have many compulsory subjects.""In another school, students may choose more optional subjects.""I think choice is important because students can learn what interests them.""However, some compulsory subjects are useful for everyone."

Uwaga

Mini-matura

Zadanie 1 — reading detail

Read and answer. In Finland, children start school at the age of seven. They have very little homework and only a few exams. Instead, teachers give regular feedback. Many students say school feels relaxed but effective.

  1. When do students start school? · 2. How much homework do they have? · 3. What is different from your school?

Zadanie 2 — speaking

Compare your school with a school in another country. Use: one similarity, one difference, one opinion and one reason with because.

Mini-matura — modelowe odpowiedzi
✓ Pokaż modelowe odpowiedzi
Zadanie 1: 1 at seven · 2 very little · 3 fewer exams / more feedback (own answer).
Zadanie 2: Both schools have exams and homework. The main difference is that in my school we have more compulsory subjects. I think optional subjects are useful because students can develop their interests.

Słownictwo

Kluczowe pojęcia

TerminDefinicja
education systemSystem edukacji danego kraju.
compulsory educationObowiązek szkolny.
primary schoolSzkoła podstawowa.
secondary schoolSzkoła średnia.
high schoolLiceum / szkoła średnia (US).
college / universityUczelnia wyższa.
core subjectsPrzedmioty obowiązkowe (rdzeń programu).
optional subjectsPrzedmioty do wyboru.
examsEgzaminy.
school rulesRegulamin szkolny.
uniformMundurek szkolny.
homeworkPraca domowa.
curriculumProgram nauczania.
extracurricular activitiesZajęcia dodatkowe / pozalekcyjne.
well-roundedWszechstronny (o edukacji lub uczniu).
achievement gapRóżnica w wynikach między grupami uczniów.
while„podczas gdy" — sygnał kontrastu.
whereas„natomiast / podczas gdy" — formalny kontrast.
both„oba / obie" — sygnał podobieństwa.
however„jednak" — sygnał kontrastu.
unlike X, Y„w przeciwieństwie do X, Y…" — porównanie różnicy.
comparison criteriaKryteria porównania (np. egzaminy, mundurki).
speaking comparisonUstne porównanie: podobieństwo → różnica → opinia.

Checklist przed sprawdzianem

Sprawdź się przed sprawdzianem
  • Znajduję dane w tekście o systemie edukacji.
  • Porównuję według konkretnego kryterium.
  • Używam while, whereas, both, however.
  • Dodaję opinię i powód.
  • Odpowiadam pełnym zdaniem, nie pojedynczym słowem.

Sprawdź gotowość

Utrwal materiał i sprawdź się — wybierz następny krok

Nauka języków

moduł

Ćwicz słownictwo, zwroty i komunikację w module Nauka języków.

Otwórz naukę języków

Sprawdzian

15–30 min

Sprawdź materiał z lekcji lub działu: vocabulary, grammar i krótkie odpowiedzi.

Zrób sprawdzian

Matura próbna

pełny arkusz

Przejdź do pełnej matury próbnej z angielskiego w formacie arkusza CKE.

Otwórz maturę próbną

Częste błędy

Częste błędy

Wrong: "School in Poland is different than in England"
Schools in Poland are different from schools in England

"different from."

Wrong: "Both systems are having exams"
Both systems have exams

"have (mieć) zwykle nie w Continuous."

Wrong: "In my opinion uniforms is good"
In my opinionuniforms are good

"uniforms to liczba mnoga."

Wrong: "Students can choose more subjects, I think is good"
Students can choose more subjectsand I think it is good

"dodaj it jako podmiot."

Wrong: "School in UK is better"
Schools in the UK are better in some ways

"the UK + liczba mnoga schools."

Wrong: "I prefer this system because more freedom"
I prefer this system because students have more freedom

"po because pełne zdanie."

Więcej częstych błędów
✓ Pokaż więcej błędów
Wrong: In Poland students learn more subjects than in UK students → Polish students learn more subjects than students in the UK — porównuj te same rzeczy.
Wrong: The most important is safety → The most important thing is safety — potrzebny rzeczownik thing.

Powtórka do matury

Ten temat na maturze

Writing & Skills Review: esej maturalny o edukacji

Źródła, format CKE i materiały ZPE

PODSTAWA PROGRAMOWA MENMEN / zakres zgodny

Język angielski — poziom A2/B1. Zakres: rozumienie tekstów, wyszukiwanie informacji, reagowanie ustne i pisemne.

FORMAT CKECKE / reading + speaking

Typowe użycie: pytania do tekstu, prawda/fałsz, dobieranie nagłówków, wypowiedź ustna do zdjęcia na poziomie A2/B1.

MATERIAŁY ZPE — INTERAKTYWNE3 materiały
How to Choose the Right Secondary School?ZPE · materiałEducation – from Nursery to UniversityZPE · materiałInformator maturalny — język angielski (formuła 2023)CKE · informator

Materiał MEN/ZPE, dostępny bezpłatnie.

systemy edukacji i porównywanie szkółA2/B1 reading

Źródła: MEN — podstawa programowa języka obcego nowożytnego; CKE — informator maturalny i arkusze egzaminacyjne; ZPE — materiały interaktywne dopasowane do tematu lekcji.

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